TITLE:
Genetic Diversity with Cluster Analysis of Maize Genotypes (Zea mays L.)
AUTHORS:
Sumayea Khan, Firoz Mahmud, Tahmina Ahmmed
KEYWORDS:
Genetic Diversity, Cluster Analysis, Inter and Intra Cluster, PCA
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology,
Vol.13 No.7,
July
21,
2022
ABSTRACT: The research investigation was carried out in the
experimental area of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural university, Sher-e-Bangla
Nagar, Dhaka-1207, during the late Rabi
season Mid December to May 2018 to study the genetic diversity with cluster
analysis for the 35 maize genotypes as experimental materials that were
laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications.
The research work was oriented to calculate and estimate the yield factor
through analyzing genetic diversity involving the yield contributing
characters. The maximum yield per plant (117.51 g) was estimated in the
genotype G12 (Pacific) and the minimum yield per plant (51.89 g) was recorded
in the genotype G17 (Dekalb Super). Due to
the crossing among the 35 maize genotypes, a wide range of divergence
was observed in this experiment. The highest
genotypes were included in cluster number V with 12 genotypes: BHM-5,
PAC-60, Pacific-98, HP-222, Khai Bhutta, AS-999, Pioneer, Duranta, Kaveri 218, Chamak-07 and Golden-984. Here, the intra
cluster distance was observed in cluster I (1.23), II (0.00), III
(0.76), IV (2.08) and V (1.89) respectively. The highest intra cluster was
recorded in cluster IV (2.08) and the lowest in cluster III (0.76) that showed
that the genotypes within the intra cluster distances were closely related and inter cluster distances were recorded higher
and larger than intra cluster distances. Between inter and intra cluster
mean values, inter cluster distances were recorded higher than the intra
cluster distances which indicated wider genetic diversity among the genotypes
of different groups involved. The maximum value for the cluster distance D2 was
recorded in cluster III (18.740) followed by cluster II (15.470, 13.032). The
farthest cluster distance was recorded in cluster III that means it represented
the highest diversified genotypes than other clusters. The nearest cluster
distance was recorded in cluster IV and cluster V with 3.441 values which
denoted the less diversified genotypes. In this case, days to male flowering,
number of rows per cob, number of seeds per cob and 100-seed weight contributed
towards cluster mean performance, the maximum in cluster number V.