TITLE:
Epidemiologic Features of the First Flare of Ne-phrotic Syndrome in Children in Bamako Pedi-atric Hospitals
AUTHORS:
Djeneba Konaté, Lala Ndrayni Sidibé, Amadou Touré, Adama Fomba, Abdoul Karim Doumbia, Karamoko Sacko, Aminata Doumbia, Oumar Coulibaly, Mohamed Elmouloud Cissé, Pierre Togo, Adama Dembélé, Awa Konaré, Belco Maiga, Harber Balilé, Fatoumata Léonie Françoise Diakité, Fousseyni Traoré, Hawa Gouro Diall, Ibrahima Ahamadou, Guédiouma Dembélé, Abdoul Aziz Diakité, Fatoumata Dicko Traoré, Boubacar Togo
KEYWORDS:
Epidemiology, Nephrotic Syndrome, Child, University Teaching Hospital Ga-briel Toure
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Pediatrics,
Vol.12 No.2,
May
16,
2022
ABSTRACT: Introduction: The most frequent glomerular pathology in children, nephrotic syndrome
(NS) is a cosmopolitan affection. It is an immunological disease and certain
environmental factors, in particular viral infections and allergens, influence
its occurrence. The climatic and environmental differences coupled with the frequency of
infectious pathologies signing the African particularity and the absence of
data in Mali on this affection, motivated us to carry out this work. Objective: To study the epidemiological aspects of nephrotic syndrome in hospitalized
children aged 0 - 15 years. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive prospective study from January 1 to December 31, 2021 in
the Pediatrics Department of the University Teaching Hospital (UTH) Gabriel
Touré, anational pediatric reference service in Mali. Diagnostic confirmation
was provided by biology. Results: In one year, 120 children were hospitalized
for nephrotic syndrome with a sex ratio of 2.75. Male exclusivity was observed
at the ages of one year, eight years and 14 years and a reversal at 13 years
(sex-ratio = 0.33). The median age was 6 years for an average age of 6.4 years
± 2.4 years with extremes ranging from one year to 14 years. The first attack
of nephrotic syndrome occurred outside the classic age (>10 years) in 16.67%. Nephrotic
syndrome is observed throughout the year with two peaks in summer
(July to September) and winter (December to February). Many ethnic groups were
affected by this condition with a high frequency among ethnic groups where
endogamy is common. All patients were melanoderms. No cases of NS were recorded
in Caucasian children from Northern Mali. The patients came from Bamako in
47.5% of cases. Two brothers from the same siblings had had their first attack
of nephrotic syndrome the same year, ten months apart. Conclusion: Nephrotic
syndrome in pediatric hospitals of Bamako occurs at a median age of six years all
along the year with a summer and winter peaks. It is more observed in ethnic
groups where the practice of endogamy is common and concerns melanoderm
children.