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Fehr, C., Yakushev, I., Hohmann, N., Buchholz, H. G., Landvogt, C., Deckers, H., Eberhardt, A., Kläger, M., Smolka, M. N., Scheurich, A., Dielentheis, T., Schmidt, L. G., Rösch, F., Bartenstein, P., Gründer, G., & Schreckenberger, M. (2008). Association of Low Striatal Dopamine D2 Receptor Availability with Nicotine Dependence Similar to that Seen with Other Drugs of Abuse. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 507-514.
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07020352

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Advances in the Study of Neural Mechanisms Associated with Exercise to Ameliorate Nicotine Addiction

  AUTHORS: Yihan Ni, Lin Li, Yaqian Qu, Siyu Chen, Hao Zhang, Haoyu Wang

  KEYWORDS: Nicotine Addiction, Reward Effect, Smoking Cessation, Acetylcholine, Midbrain Limbic Dopamine, Withdrawal Response, Exercise

  JOURNAL NAME: Advances in Physical Education, Vol.12 No.2, April 24, 2022

  ABSTRACT: Objective: The objective is to elucidate the effectiveness of exercise as smoking cessation aid by sorting out the neurotransmitter basis of nicotine addiction and combining it with the neurotransmitter modulation effect of exercise, and finally to organize and analyze the mechanisms related to exercise to ameliorate nicotine addiction. Methods: We searched the Web of Science and PubMed databases for keywords, including “nicotine addiction”, “exercise”, “sports”, “physical activity”, “smoking cessation” and “tobacco withdrawal”, and compiled and analyzed the relevant literature to explain the neurobiological mechanisms of nicotine addiction and the effects of exercise on ameliorating nicotine addiction and related mechanisms. Results: 1) long-term nicotine intake, on the one hand, binds to acetylcholine receptors to produce rewarding effects, and on the other hand, causes rewarding effects by regulating the release of various neurotransmitters and signaling, making smokers feel pleasure and experiencing withdrawal symptoms after stopping smoking; 2) exercise can effectively ameliorate nicotine addiction; 3) exercise reduces the desire to smoke by activating the reward system to cause the body to release dopamine, partially replacing the rewarding effects and reducing withdrawal symptoms. Conclusion: Exercise is effective in ameliorating nicotine addiction through the modulation of neurotransmitters and improves the health status of people who quit smoking. Therefore, physical activity and physical exercise during smoking cessation are recommended to reduce nicotine withdrawal symptoms and smoking cravings.