TITLE:
Laboratory Confirmation of Human Rabies by RT-PCR and qRT-PCR Bamako: Report of a Case in a 4-Year-Old Girl at the Mali Hospital
AUTHORS:
Garan Dabo, Bourama Kane, Lassina Doumbia, Korotoumou Wélé Diallo, Aboubacar Sangaré, Guediouma Dembélé, Sanata Sogoba, Mamadou Traoré, Ousmane Koita, Daouda Kassim Minta
KEYWORDS:
Dog Bite, Human Rabies, Diagnosis, Mali
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Pediatrics,
Vol.12 No.1,
March
28,
2022
ABSTRACT: Rabies is
a zoonotic disease of viral origin transmitted mainly to humans by biting or
licking the injured skin of sick animals. It is an untreatable disease that is fatal once it has been declared. Worldwide,
59,000 cases of rabies-related deaths are recorded each year. The diagnosis of rabies is clinical, biological, and
anatomopathological. The aim was to establish the laboratory confirmation
capacity for human rabies in Mali. The patient, a Malian female, aged four
years, was bitten by a dog around her house in district sixth of Bamako near
national road number six in 2020. The patient visited the doctor after a
two-month bite. However, she was neither referred to the health center for an
effective therapeutic measure nor vaccination (post-exposure prophylaxis). The
patient was presented with psychomotor excitation, hypersalivation, aerophobia, and hydrophobia
symptoms and visited a Malian hospital named “Hospital of Mali”. The patient
was admitted with a history of animal bites and symptoms of rabies, and the
patient was classified as a probable rabies case. The patient was then referred
to an infectious disease physician and hospitalized. After referring the patient
to the infectious disease physician, the physician sent oral swab and
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples to confirm to the Laboratory of Applied
Molecular Biology. Human rabies was confirmed (RT-PCR) by the zoonotic unit of
the Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology. Diagnosis and therapy of human
rabies without post-exposure management after a dog bites were still challenging. It was possible to confirm the human rabies case in
Mali by RT-PCR and qRT-PCR.