TITLE:
Relationship between BMPN, GSE-6, UWES-9, and EENDEED, a Nine-Item Instrument for Measuring Traditional Workplace and Remote Employee Engagement
AUTHORS:
Phillip M. Randall, Franklin M. Lartey
KEYWORDS:
Employee Engagement, Remote Worker, Engagement Instrument, Engage-ment Scale
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies,
Vol.10 No.1,
March
7,
2022
ABSTRACT: EENDEED
(Enhanced Engagement Nurtured by Determination, Efficacy, and Exchange
Dimensions) is an instrument for measuring the engagement of both remote
workers and traditional workplace employees. The purpose of this study was to
validate the relationship between EENDEED and its three main theories, namely: 1) self-determination
theory, 2) self-efficacy theory, and 3) social-exchange theory. This was done
by looking at the relationships between EENDEED and three validated
instruments: a) Balanced Measure of Psychological Needs (BMPN), b) General
Self-Efficacy scale (GSE-6), and c) Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9),
that are based respectively on self-determination theory, self-efficacy theory,
and social exchange theory. Data were collected from 600 participants in the
United States through an online survey. A structural equation model (SEM) was created
to ascertain the relationship between EENDEED and the three validated
instruments, thus their subtending theories. Findings suggested the existence
of positive significant relationships between engagement as measured by EENDEED
and BMPN, SGE-6, and UWES-9. Results
indicated that for every 1 standard unit increase in the employee engagement as
measured by EENDEED, there was an expectation to see an increase in BMPN,
GSE-6, and UWES-9 scores by .55, .85, and .82 standard points respectively.
This study provided support for external validity of EENDEED and confirmed the
existence of positive and significant relationships between engagement of
remote employees and traditional office workers as measured by EENDEED and 1)
self-determination as measured by BMPN, 2) self-efficacy as measured by
SGE-6, and 3) social exchange-based engagement as measured by UWES-9.