TITLE:
Histopathological Aspects of Placental Lesions in Mild and Severe Pre-Eclampsia in a Population of Cameroonian Women
AUTHORS:
Félix Essiben, Ayissi Gregory, Belinga Etienne, Ndolo Kondo Astrid, Ngo Dingom Madye Ange, Ebong Cliford Ebontane, Ojong Samuel Atomveng, Foumane Pascal
KEYWORDS:
Preeclampsia, Placental Lesions, Histological Aspects, Placental Dysfunction, Cameroon
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Vol.12 No.2,
February
23,
2022
ABSTRACT: Background: Pre-eclampsia (PE) frequently leads to adverse maternal and foetal
outcomes in our setting. The pathophysiology is strongly linked to placental
development. We aimed to study placental lesions associated with PE in a
population of Cameroonian women. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional,
analytical study in three university teaching hospitals in Yaounde namely, the
Yaounde Central Hospital, the pathology laboratory of the Yaounde University Hospital Centre, and the Yaounde
Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital. The study spanned 8 months
from January 1st to September 1st, 2021. Placental
analysis was carried out as per standard protocol. The study included 101
parturients with pre-eclampsia. These were divided into two groups, with groups
1 and 2 being made of patients with mild pre-eclampsia (n = 40), and severe
pre-eclampsia (n = 61), respectively. Results: The mean ages of the two
groups were 29.93 ± 7.36 versus 28.28 ± 7.18 (p = 0.267) for patients with mild
and severe pre-eclampsia respectively. Low socioeconomic
status was the most frequently identified risk factor in both groups
(59%). Patients’ history revealed that the women with severe pre-eclampsia
tended to have poor pregnancy follow-up compared to those with mild
pre-eclampsia (p Conclusion: PE-related placental lesions in our context are multiple and
diverse especially in severe disease, and these arise as a result of defective
maternal vascular perfusion.