TITLE:
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy in the Cardiology Department of the CHU Point G
AUTHORS:
Mariam Sako, Massama Konaté, Boubacar Sonfo, Samba Sidibé, Ali Dembélé, Yves Roland Koumaré, Nouhoum Diallo, Souleymane Mariko, Aniessa Kodio, Bassirima Traoré, Boureima Dembélé, Alou Sangaré, Diarra Ami, Mamadou Diakité, Souleymane Coulibaly, Ichaka Menta
KEYWORDS:
Cardiomyopathy, Peri Partum, Epidemiology, Clinic, Evolution
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases,
Vol.11 No.12,
December
27,
2021
ABSTRACT: Objective: This work aimed to evaluate the epidemiological clinical aspects and evolutionary aspects of peri partum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) in the cardiology department of the CHU Point G. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study from 01 January 2019 to 31 December 2019, including all patients admitted for heart failure during this period. Results: The study involved 40 patients out of 1187 admissions, a hospital prevalence of PPCM was 3.36%. The average age was 26 years plus or minus 7 years with extremes of 16 years and 38 years. The age group between 16 and 20 years was the most represented with 32.5% of cases. Housewives were in the majority with 87.6%; residing in rural areas 62.5%, with a low socio-economic standard of living 32.5% of cases. Multiparous in our context were dominant 42.5%, followed by pauci pares and primiparous with 32.5% and 25% frequency respectively. All our patients, 100% had their first symptom after childbirth, functional signs were dominated by dyspnea of effort present in 100% of patients, followed cough (40%) and chest pain (27.5%). On physical examination there was Tachycardia in 82.5%, Galop B3 (45%) and auscultatory arrhythmia in 5%. Signs of pulmonary condensation (82.5%) and pleural fluid effusion (25%). Hepatomegaly was present in 72.5% of patients. It was overall heart failure in 72.5% of cases. On the electrocardiogram there was sinus tachycardia (75%) and atrial fibrillation arrhythmia (5%). On cardiac Doppler ultrasound the left ventricle was dilated with a low systolic ejection fraction in 100% of patients, the four cavities were dilated in 32.5%, a left intraventricular thrombus in 7.5% of cases and a pericardial fluid effusion in 5% of cases. Biology noted anemia in 22.5% of patients. Treatment was classic for heart failure. The course was punctuated by complications in 42.5% of cases, such as thromboembolic disease (22.5%), ischemic stroke (12.5%), complete arrhythmia by atrial fibrillation (ACFA 5%) and cardiogenic shock (2.5%). Hospital mortality was 7.5% with 67% of deaths observed in the 16 - 22 age group. Conclusion: PPCM is a common sub-Saharan pathology, low socioeconomic status, young age and multiparity were factors dominant in our context.