TITLE:
The Place of Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy in the Treatment of Breast Cancer: Review of the Literature
AUTHORS:
Abdallah El Farouqi, Anas Boumzough
KEYWORDS:
Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy, Breast Cancer, Local Recurrence, Necrosis of the Nipple, Global Complications
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Vol.11 No.12,
December
23,
2021
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Mastectomy with conservation of the nipple-areola
complex (NAC) in breast cancer care has been controversial with regards to the
oncological safety of this procedure and the risk of complications including
NAC necrosis. Aim: The objective of this study is to assess, through a
literature review, the safety and reliability of a conservative NAC mastectomy
in breast cancer treatment, paying attention to the rate of local recurrence
and complications. Methods: A review of the literature was conducted
from PubMed data, and articles published between January 2007 and December
2017, using the terms “nipple-sparing mastectomy”, “breast cancer”, “local
recurrence”, “necrosis of the nipple”,
“global complications”. The articles were analyzed with regards to the
following parameters of evaluation: local recurrence, recurrence rate at NAC
level, global complication rates and nipple necrosis rates. Results: In
the 36 studies we selected, the average rate of local recurrence was 3.23%. The
average rate of recurrence at the NAC was 0.81%. The average rate of
complications was 20%. The average rate of necrosis of the NAC was 5.9%. The
main factors of these recurrences were the tumor size > 5 cm and tumor stage
> stage II. Conclusion: Conservative mastectomy of the nipple-areola
complex offers an aesthetic advantage and oncological safety in carefully
selected patients with breast cancer.