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Stewart, K.A., Navarro, S.M., Kambala, S., Tan, G., Poondla, R., Lederman, S., Barbour, K. and Lavy, C. (2020) Trends in Ultrasound Use in Low and Middle Income Countries: A Systematic Review. International Journal of MCH and AIDS, 9, 103-120.

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• TITLE: Chest Ultrasound versus Chest X-Ray in Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

  AUTHORS: Elham Saad Ellithey Elkhazragy, Saneya Abdel Halim Fahmy, Mona Sayed Mohammad Attaya, Ashraf Mohammad Abd Elrahman

  KEYWORDS: Lung, Ultrasound, Radiology, X-Ray, Pneumonia, Respiratory Infection

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Pediatrics, Vol.11 No.4, November 2, 2021

  ABSTRACT: Background: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children during early childhood. Lung ultrasound is a relatively simple bedside method helping early diagnosis of these conditions. Purpose: To compare the findings of chest X-ray (CXR) and of lung ultrasound (LUS) among children with lower respiratory tract infections. Subjects and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study that included 100 children aged 6 months to 6 years with lower respiratory tract infections and 100 healthy age- and sex-matched children (controls). Included children were recruited from Mansoura University children hospital during the period from September 2020 to June 2021. Detailed findings of chest X-ray and lung ultrasound were compared. Results: Among 100 patients with LRTIs, the diagnosis of pneumonia, bronchiolitis and bronchitis were reported in 41%, 36% and 23% of cases respectively. Lung ultrasound was more sensitive than chest X-ray for diagnosing pneumonia (97.6% for LUS vs. 92.7% for CXR) and bronchiolitis (91.7% for LUS vs. 77.8% for CXR). Conclusion: Lung ultrasound is a sensitive tool for the assessment of lower respiratory tract infections. Further steps for application and validation are recommended.