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Liu, Z., Zhang, H., Zhang, Y.-J., & Qin, C.-X. (2020). How Does Income Inequality Affect Energy Efficiency? Empirical Evidence from 33 Belt and Road Initiative Countries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 269, Article ID: 122421.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122421

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Africa Countries’ Energy Efficiency: Evidence from a Directional Distance Function Approach

  AUTHORS: Alastaire Sèna Alinsato, Nassibou Bassongui, Calixe Bidossessi Alakonon

  KEYWORDS: Energy, Environmental Efficiency, Directional Distance Function, Africa

  JOURNAL NAME: Modern Economy, Vol.12 No.10, October 29, 2021

  ABSTRACT: Energy is recognized as the backbone of economic development while at the same time it is the most contributor to global warming. This paper aims to assess energy-efficiency of a sample of African countries over the period from 1971 to 2014. Through a directional distance function approach, we estimated both the energy efficiency and the environmental energy efficiency scores in the sample. The results showed that ignoring the undesirable output, i.e. dioxide carbon emissions associated with environmental degradation, overestimates countries’ energy inefficiency. Besides, from a non-parametric approach, we shed light on the sensitivity of countries environmental energy efficiency to the income level. Our findings confirmed the sensitivity of environmental-energy efficiency to the Kuznets curve hypothesis. In particular, countries with high-level income are the most environmental-energy efficient in the sample over the period of study. The paper ends with some policy implications and some research perspectives.