TITLE:
Contribution of Agro-Hydrological Modeling in the Evaluation of Water Availability of an Ungauged Basin Reservoir in Côte d’Ivoire: Case of the Loka Reservoir in Bouaké
AUTHORS:
Kouao Armand Anoh, Kouakou Séraphin Konan, Sampah Georges Eblin, Ange Victorine Atcho, Kouakou Lazare Kouassi
KEYWORDS:
Loka Basin, Hydrological Modeling, SWAT, SUFI-2, Water Availability
JOURNAL NAME:
Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering,
Vol.10 No.3,
July
26,
2021
ABSTRACT: The
city of Bouaké, the second biggest city of Côte d’Ivoire, experienced
a water shortage in 2018 that lasted four months due to the drying up of the
Loka reservoir, which supplies two-thirds of the city. The challenge of the
Loka reservoir is that it is located in an ungauged basin where very few
hydrological studies have been carried out, despite the recurrent problems of
access to drinking water. In the purpose to better understand the phenomena
that caused this temporary drying of the dam, the methodology implemented was
based on agro-hydrological modeling with SWAT using a regionalization technique
of a nearby watershed. The model performance was assessed using three
statistical indices (the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (NS), the coefficient of determination
(R2) and the percentage of bias (PBIAS)) and the visual appreciation
of hydrographs for monthly series. The statistical indices appear satisfactory
with a NS and R2 ≥ 0.6 both for calibration and validation, and a
PBIAS of -11.2 and -3.8 respectively for calibration and validation. The hydrological
modeling of Loka basin has shown the impact of climate change already reported
by some authors as well as anthropization. Thus, while the reservoir records a
decrease in its water volume estimated at 384,604 m3 each year, the
water demand undergoes an increase of 122,033 m3 per year.