TITLE:
Geological Study of Dasht-e-Top Sedimentary Basin, Wardak Province, Afghanistan
AUTHORS:
Hafizullah Rasouli, Shekeb Shamal, Mohammad Hasib Sarwari
KEYWORDS:
Petrography, Sediment Size, Soil Structure, River Terraces, Tectonic Structures, Geomorphology, Calcium Carbonate
JOURNAL NAME:
International Journal of Geosciences,
Vol.12 No.6,
June
17,
2021
ABSTRACT: This study is conducted to investigate the occurrence of various
geological features, and to study the geology and soil characteristics of the
study area. To achieve the objective of this research collection, different
samples from different locations in study area were collected, analyzed in laboratory,
and the results are compared with each other. The main rock types found in the
study area were metamorphic rock (Gneiss) and igneous rock (Granite), and the
main soil types found were Loam, sandy and silty soils with different soil
structures (e.g. crumbling, platy, single grain, granular and prismatic).
Calcium carbonate, Iron oxides and different sizes of sediments were also seen
in the soil profile, where the size of sediments were changing as it was course size sediments and gravels near the mountain
range and as going far from the mountain it was changed to fine size sediments
like sand, silt and clay. The river terraces present in the area cover different geological structures such as angular and erosional
unconformities, thinning out of strata and potholes. The mountain range
surrounded the study area contains different observable tectonic structures
such as anticline, syncline, vines (dyke, sill and apophasis). Furthermore,
different types of valleys also existed in this area.