TITLE:
Assessment of Different Traits to Evaluate Genetic Divergence in Some Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes under Late Sowing Condition
AUTHORS:
Md. Mukhtar Hossain, Md. Abul Kalam Azad, Touria El-Jaoual Eaton, Md. Nur-Alam Siddquie
KEYWORDS:
Genetic Divergence, Heat Tolerance, Assessment of Different Traits, Cluster Analysis, Principal Component Analysis, Selection of Genotype
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Plant Sciences,
Vol.12 No.5,
May
26,
2021
ABSTRACT: The research work was undertaken to identify the
extent of genetic diversity in different parameters of wheat related to heat
tolerance mechanism. Performances of currently available 25 spring wheat
genotypes were studied at the Regional Wheat Research Institute, Shyampur,
Rajshahi during the winter season of 2016/2017. All these genotypes (25) were
grouped into five clusters on the basis of non-hierarchical clustering
parameters viz. cluster I (G2, G5, G6, G16, G20), II (G4, G7, G9, G11, G12,
G17), III (G10, G24), IV (G1, G13, G19, G21) and V (G3, G8, G14, G15, G18, G22,
G23, G25). These groups were arranged into five (5) pairs of clusters viz.
cluster I and III; II and III; II and V; III and IV; IV and V considering their
similar potentiality of different traits. Results revealed that the maximum
number of genotypes (8) was found in cluster V while cluster III comprised
minimum genotypes (2). The inter-cluster distance was higher than intra-cluster
distances. The highest and second highest eigenvalues belonged to spike/m2 (25.23%) and spikelets/spike (20.18%) respectively, along with positive
canonical values in both the vectors 1 and 2 for these two traits identified
them as major traits by exposing their highest potential toward genetic
divergence. Cluster III produced the highest spike/m2 (388.8),
grain/spike (48.1), plant height (89.5 cm), SPAD (54.2), yield (2799 kg/ha) and
biomass (7758.1 Kg/ha) with lowest heading days (64.7 days), maturity days
(98.7 days), canopy temperature at vegetative stage (21.7°C) and canopy
temperature at grain filling stage (22.4°C). In
contrast, cluster V produced the lowest 1000-grain weight (30.4 g) and grain yield (2172 kg/ha) belonging to the highest canopy
temperature at both stages (23.8°C and 24.7°C). However, results suggested that the genotypes G10 and G24 under the
cluster III, and genotypes G01, G13, G19 and G21 under the cluster IV could be
considered as parents for future hybridization program, as well as the five
pairs of clusters viz. cluster I and III; II and III; II and V; III and IV; IV
and V might be matched as considered for getting more heterotic F1.
The results of the study would help to identify the divergent genotypes
associate with heat tolerance and this might be helpful in designing future
breeding program.