TITLE:
Pulmonary Embolism: Epidemiological, Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolution Aspects in the Medicine Department of Hospital of Mali Bamako
AUTHORS:
Massama Konaté, Mariam Sako, Boubacar Sonfo, Samba Sidibé, Souleymane Mariko, Djeneba Sylla Sow, Coumba Adjaratou Thiam, Djenebou Traoré, Hamidou Oumar Ba, Asmaou Keita Maiga, Ibrahima Sangare, Mamadou Toure, Souleymane Coulibaly, Nouhoum Diallo, Bah Traoré, Modibo Mariko, Nouhoum Ouologuem, Amadou Koné, Youssouf Camara, Yacouba Lazare Diallo, Nanko Doumbia, Mahamadoun Coulibaly, Ichaka Menta
KEYWORDS:
Pulmonary Embolism, Epidemiology, Mali’s Hospital
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases,
Vol.11 No.4,
April
20,
2021
ABSTRACT: Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a severe form of venous thromboembolic disease. In Africa, prevalence of PE in hospitalized medical patients varies among studies. Objective: Aim of this work was to study the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolution aspects of PE in the medicine department of Mali’s Hospital Bamako-Mali. Methodology: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out from January 01, 2017 to December 31, 2020 in the medicine department of Mali’s hospital Bamako, including all inpatients admitted for PE during the study period. Results: Of 1814 hospitalized patients, 54 patients had pulmonary embolism. Hospital frequency of pulmonary embolism was 2.97%. Predominance was female and sex-ratioM/F was 0.38. Mean age in our series was 54.24 ±1.19 years. Predisposing factors to pulmonary embolism were dominated by obesity 37%, high blood pressure 35.2% and history of cardiovascular disease 20.4%. Dominant signswere dyspnoea and chest pain in 83.3% and 70.4% of cases respectively.Probability of pulmonary embolism was high in 40.7% according to Wells score.Patients with right heart failure were 22.2%. EKG showed sinus tachycardia70.4% and S1Q3 aspect 7.4%. Heart right chambers were dilated at transthoracic echography 42.6%. Obstruction was bilateral at chest angio CT for51.9% and proximal for 42.6%. Deep venous thrombosis was associated at EP in 16.6%. Treatment was low weight molecular heparin followed by vitamin K antagonist or direct oral anticoagulant. One patient was successfully treated bythrombolysis. Hospital mortality was 16.7%. Conclusion: PE is a serious disease probably underdiagnosed. It is responsible of important mortality.