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Burchfield, S., Hua, H., Iturry, T. S., & Rocha, V. (2002). A Longitudinal Study of the Effect of Integrated Literacy and Basic Education Programs on Women’s Participation in Social and Economic Development in Bolivia. Boston, MA: World Education; Washington DC: United States Agency for International Development Office of Women in Development.

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• TITLE: Effects of Functional Illiteracy on the Living Conditions of Households in Congo

  AUTHORS: Steve Bertrand Mboko Ibara, Constant Bruno Serges Ikiemi

  KEYWORDS: Living Conditions, Functional Illiteracy, Language Economy, CMP, Congo-Brazzaville

  JOURNAL NAME: Modern Economy, Vol.12 No.3, March 25, 2021

  ABSTRACT: This research’s objective was to analyze the effect of functional illiteracy on households’ living conditions in Congo-Brazzaville. It was based on an adaptation of games’ theory proposed by Rubinstein (1996). The study used data from the 4th general census of the Congo population and housing in 2007 (National Institute of Statistics, 2007), which includes a population of 632,502 heads of households aged 15 - 64 at the time of the census. Analyses were conducted with a simultaneous equation system using the Conditional Mixed Process (CMP) algorithm developed by Roodman (2011). Results show that functional illiteracy significantly contributes to the precariousness of household living conditions. This result supports the essential place of education and the mastery of literacy and numeracy in the fight against poverty.