TITLE:
Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Outpatients: An Alarming Sign of the Epidemiological Transition in Developing Country?
AUTHORS:
Modibo Coulibaly, Dramane Samaké, Sonfo Boubacar, Lamine Sidibé, Moussa Diawara, Mamoudou Barry, Valentin Sagara, Bréhima Traoré, Oumar Guindo, Bakary Maiga, Amagana Dolo
KEYWORDS:
Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Framingham Risk Score, SCORE, Metabolic Syndrome
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases,
Vol.11 No.3,
March
23,
2021
ABSTRACT: Background: Noncommunicable diseases are the leading cause of death in the world and low and middle-income countries suffer from preventablepremature death. The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors for non- communicable disease (NCDs) in general and particular cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) among the outpatients of our department of medicine. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study from April to December 2017 by the consecutive enrollment of outpatients who attended in our department of medicine of Hôpital Sominé DOLO de Mopti, Mali. Clinical and laboratorydata were measured for cardiovascular risk assessment. Framingham RiskScore (FRS) and Systemic Coronary Risk Estimation (SCORES) were computed by using Framingham and SCORE equations. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the harmonized criteria from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, andBlood Institute (AHA/NHLBI). Data were captured in excel and analyzedwith R version 4.0.3. The statistical significance was set at p = 0.05. Results: A total of 292 patients were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors was 36.64%, 21.57%, 14.04%, and 13.01% for high blood pressure, hyperglycemia, smoking, and alcohol consumption, respectively. The metabolic syndrome accounted for 23.63%. The mean body mass index was 26.10 ± 7 kg/m2. The overall 10-year risk for cardiovascular events or death was 26.3% and 8.6% according to the FRS and SCORE equation, respectively. The 10-year risk of cardiovascular events according to the FRS was significantly higher in subjects aged 50 and above compared to subjects aged under 50 years, 34.46% vs 13.16%, p Conclusion: Our data corroborate the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in SSA. A comprehensive cardiovascular risk factors assessment should be implemented in all stages of health facilities and a longitudinal follow-up could help shed alight on the epidemiology of NCDs in general and particularly CVDs andthereby improve their control policies in SSA.