TITLE:
Typical Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in the General Adult Population in Cotonou: Prevalence and Associated Socio-Demographic Factors
AUTHORS:
Aboudou Raïmi Kpossou, Rodolph Koffi Vignon, Sewedo Aurel Chavelin Gnahoui, Comlan N’déhougbèa Martin Sokpon, Carin Ahouada, Colette Azandjèmè, Jean Séhonou
KEYWORDS:
Typical GERD, Prevalence, Socio-Demographic Factors, Cotonou
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Gastroenterology,
Vol.11 No.2,
February
10,
2021
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a common benign condition with
a worldwide prevalence of between 5% and
45% in the adult population. Its prevalence in the general population is little
known in Africa. The aim of this work
was to study the prevalence of typical GERD in the general adult population of
a large city and the associated socio-demographic factors. Patients and
Methods: This was a prospectively collected, descriptive and analytical
cross-sectional study that was conducted over a one-month period (June 2018).
We included any person residing in the city of Cotonou for at least 6 months,
aged 15 years or older, who had given consent for the study. The two-stage
cluster sampling technique was used. The dependent variable was the typical
gastroesophageal reflux defined by the heatburn-regurgitation association. Results: We had included 728 subjects. Of these, 255 had a typical GERD, i.e. a prevalence of 35%. The mean age of the respondents was 31.9
± 13.2 years with extremes of 15 and 88 years. There were 379 men (52.1%) with
a sex ratio of 1.08. The study population was represented respectively by
artisans (29.3%), students (26.6%) and traders/dealers (20.3%). In terms of
marital status, there were as many married and single subjects (48.2%). In
addition, 47% of the study population had a body mass index of less than 25
kg/m2. In univariate analysis, the sociodemographic factors associated with typical GERD were: age (60 years and
older): OR: 0.220 [95% CI 07 - 0.63],
p = 0.005 and marital status divorced/separated/widowed: OR: 0.32 [0.11 - 0.97],
p = 0.04. Older age and divorced/separated/widowed status appear to be
protective of the occurrence of GERD. Conclusion: Typical GERD was
common in the adult population of Cotonou. It readily affected young (under 60
years of age), single or married subjects.