TITLE:
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Folic Acid Supplementation in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review
AUTHORS:
Stephanie Farah, Obey Albaini, Karl Jallad
KEYWORDS:
Folic Acid, Gestational Diabetes
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Diabetes Mellitus,
Vol.11 No.1,
February
9,
2021
ABSTRACT: Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy disorder
screened for between the 24th and 28th weeks of gestation
using oral glucose tolerance test. GDM
has maternal and fetal health implications. Objective: To assess the
relation between folic acid supplementation in pregnant women and the risk of
developing GDM. Search Strategy: The search employed topic-based strategies designed for each database in
June 2020. Databases searched were Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Lebanese American University online
database. Selection Criteria: Studies eligible were those targeting the association of GDM development
and folic acid supplementation, including pregnant women who have developed GDM
and pregnant women who were on folic acid supplementation and developed GDM. Both interventional and
observational studies were included. Data Collection and Analysis: Two
reviewers extracted the data independently. A third reviewer checked the data
for consistency and clarity. Data extracted included the sample characteristics,
sample size and outcomes. Cohen’s κ was used to assess
agreement between reviewers. All tools and processes were piloted prior to use. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Data was presented in a
tabulated form. Main Results: Six studies showed a proportional relation
between folic acid intake and GDM, two reported a protective effect, and one
cohort found no association. Conclusion: The inconsistent results made
the formulation of a definitive conclusion difficult. Hence, larger studies are
needed.