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Schaffner, B. F., MacWilliams, M., & Nteta, T. (2017, January). Explaining White Polarization in the 2016 Vote for President: The Sobering Role of Racism and Sexism. Paper Presented at the Conference on the U.S. Elections of 2016: Domestic and International Aspects, Herzliya, Israel.
https://doi.org/10.1002/polq.12737

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: “I Am the Law and Order Candidate”: A Content Analysis of Donald Trump’s Race-Baiting Dog Whistles in the 2016 Presidential Campaign

  AUTHORS: Brian P. Tilley

  KEYWORDS: Content Analysis, Dog Whistle, Qualitative Research, Donald Trump, Racial Appeal

  JOURNAL NAME: Psychology, Vol.11 No.12, December 28, 2020

  ABSTRACT: Though many in news media have accused Donald Trump of being racist or dog-whistling during the 2016 United States Presidential campaign, there has been little empirical analysis of Trump’s words. A content analysis of Donald Trump’s speeches as the Republican Presidential Nominee was conducted to search for race baiting dog whistles. The paper uses the content analytical method, which seeks alignment of message, messenger, and receiver; as such, analysis included not only Trump’s words but connection with extant research on his political persona and his supporters. Analysis showed alignment in the three areas, including consistent dog whistle usage in Trump’s speeches. Trump’s dog whistle usage also significantly exceeded that of recent Republican Presidential Nominees.