TITLE:
Emission of Air Pollution in the Transport Sector: Case Study of the City of Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
AUTHORS:
Marcenilda A. Lima, Marcelo S. Sthel
KEYWORDS:
Vehicles, Air Pollution, Emissions, Particulates
JOURNAL NAME:
Engineering,
Vol.12 No.12,
December
9,
2020
ABSTRACT: The transportation sector is certainly one of the
main agent’s principals and has contributed to the increase in global air pollution. In Brazil, the
large-scale use of diesel for charge and passenger transport produces considerable
air pollution in cities. The objectives of the study were to determine the
concentrations of gas emissions (CO, NO and NO2), identify the
chemical species that make up the particulates, from the exhaust of diesel
vehicles and identify chemical species of particulates accumulated in air
conditioning filters realized in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes located in
the State of Rio de Janeiro. Thus, for the determination of the gas
concentrations, electrochemical sensors were used and in the identification of
chemical species, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy was used. The results showed
CO concentrations in the range of 173 to 880 ppmv, of NO in the range 52 to 240
ppmv and NO2 in the range 6 to 252 ppmv in the vehicles exhaust, and
chemical species of the particulates in the exhaust identified: Ca, Si, Fe, S,
Ti, P, Zn, Sc and Mn. Furthermore, Ca, Si, Fe, S, Ti, P, Zn, Mn, K, Cl, Al, Pb,
V, Cu, Sr, Br and Er were in the air
conditioning system. The concentration of gases and particulates is increased
by the presence of a large highway that runs through the city, with one intense
flow of trucks and buses, which certainly contributes to the reduction of the
region’s air quality.