TITLE:
COVID-19 and Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review
AUTHORS:
Vitor Fernando Bordin Miola, Ana Rita de Oliveira dos Santos, Bárbara de Oliveira Zanuso, Maria Eduarda Guelfi Pinto, João Paulo Galleti Pillon, Jesselina Francisco dos Santos Haber, Ricardo de Alvares Goulart, Sandra Maria Barbalho
KEYWORDS:
COVID-19, Diabetes Mellitus, Gestational Diabetes, Hyperglycemia
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Diabetes Mellitus,
Vol.10 No.4,
November
24,
2020
ABSTRACT: In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic state in
response to the number of infected and killed by COVID-19. Gestational diabetes
(GD) is characterized by physiological changes making pregnant women even more
vulnerable to viral respiratory infections, such as SARS-CoV-2. For these
reasons and due to the restriction of data related to DMG and the involvement
by COVID-19, the importance of raising information about these two conditions
is evident. Therefore, this study aimed to perform a literature review about
the complications of COVID-19 in patients with GD. MEDLINE-PubMed, EMBASE, and Scielo databases were searched and followed the PRISMA guidelines. Only four studies were included in
the systematic review. The complications and mortality are more significant in
pregnant women with diabetes since hyperglycemia promotes immune changes in the
inflammatory state and worsens insulin resistance. The imbalance in the immune
response favors the development of infections, the most likely being viral
respiratory infections. On the other hand, other studies show insufficient
recent evidence to indicate that pregnant women are more susceptible to
infection with severe acute coronavirus respiratory syndrome. There are
divergences between studies concerning complications related to COVID-19 in
patients with GD. In view of this scenario and from the information obtained,
it is noted that the literature is scarce regarding the worsening of COVID-19
in patients with GD. Therefore, it is necessary to continue research on these
mechanisms that may justify their correlation.