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Ward, E.M., De-Santis, C.E., Lin, C.C., Kramer, J.L., Jemal, A., Kohler, B., Brawley, O.W. and Gansler, T. (2015) Cancer Statistics: Breast Cancer in Situ. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 65, 481-495.
https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21321

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Immunohistochemical Biomarkers in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

  AUTHORS: I. Petrone, F. Resende Rodrigues, P. Valverde Fernandes, E. Abdelhay

  KEYWORDS: Breast Cancer, Ductal Carcinoma In Situ, Immunohistochemistry, Biomarker Proteins, Categorization

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Pathology, Vol.10 No.4, September 21, 2020

  ABSTRACT: Introduction: Breast ductal carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) can be defined as a malignant epithelial proliferation with growth limited by the basal membrane of the ductal epithelium, with no evidence of stromal invasion. There has been a trend of trying to subcategorize DCIS based on cell proliferation assays (Ki67) and the expression of hormone receptors and the human epidermal growth receptor (HER-2) as detected by immunohistochemistry, similar to invasive breast carcinomas (IBC). The aims were to evaluate the expression of breast cancer marker proteins in DCIS by immunohistochemistry to better categorize it. Methods: 46 biopsies from women with DCIS and IBC Luminal A-like were evaluated by immunohistochemistry staining of proteins already known to be biomarkers in IBC. For controls, normal breast tissue from mammoplasty (n = 3) was used. Results: Our results showed an increase of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression relative to that in normal tissue samples (p Conclusion: The biology of DCIS is not well understood given the complexity and heterogeneity of the disease, which makes it important to better sub-categorize this tumor, especially considering the possibility of identifying DCIS cases with the potential for recurrence and evolution into IBC.