TITLE:
Analysis of the State of Woody Plants in the City of Nukus (Streets of Ernazar Alakoz)
AUTHORS:
Bakbergen T. Kurbaniyazov
KEYWORDS:
Woody Plants, Stability in the Urban Environment, Morphology, Distribution, Phenological Observation
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Plant Sciences,
Vol.11 No.6,
June
30,
2020
ABSTRACT: This
article observed seven species of Fraxinus excelsior L., Fraxinus pensylvanica March., Salix alba L., Populus alba L., Juniperus communis L., Catalpa bignonioides Walt., Ulmus densa Litv for
seasonal growth. The Republic of Karakalpakstan is located in the
North-West of Uzbekistan, covers 166,600 km2 (28%), and is the
largest in terms of territory by region. The study of woody plants in the flora
of Karakalpakstan is an important aspect of the convention on biological
diversity. The species composition of the natural flora of Karakalpakstan is
quite poor in ornamental plants, especially evergreens, suitable for gardening. At the same time, the biodiversity of these plants in Nukus and the factors
contributing to them were analyzed. Relevance of the study: Creating an environmentally friendly environment in
cities is possible by optimizing intra-urban tree plantations that perform
forming, improving and regulating functions in the environment. The
effectiveness of green spaces mainly depends on the range of trees and shrubs
and their correct use in accordance with biological characteristics,
environmental requirements and decorative qualities. The degree of impact of
plantings on the environment also depends on the type, age and physiological
characteristics of plants [1]. Woody plants, unlike hardwoods, enrich and purify the air throughout
the year and can be used for single and group planting when creating hedges and
borders, as well as green gardens. All year round, they enrich the air with
oxygen, absorb street noises, and lower the air temperature. However,
the conservation of flora is necessary not only for individual components, but
also for the entire population diversity. Salinized land, unfavorable climate
and other environmental factors are among the obstacles or restrictions to the
introduction of new species of trees and shrubs, especially evergreen ones, in
arid areas [2] [3]. The urban environment differs from the natural environment in terms of
the degree of illumination, the amount of solar radiation, air temperature and
humidity, soil properties, etc. In this regard, green plants only with proper
planning, selection of assortment, sufficient quantity and good care ensure the
improvement of the ecological state of the city. For scientifically based
gardening, it is necessary to have objective ideas not only about the quantity
and quality of existing plantings, but also to know the ecological and
physiological state of each species, which allows us to assess the role of
plants in improving the quality of the environment [4]. The sharply continental climate, aridity of the territory, increased
wind activity and salinity of the soil contribute to the aggravation of
environmental problems in the cities of the southern Aral sea region. The deteriorating
environmental situation in Nukus requires the development of a specific
gardening strategy aimed at creating sustainable urban plantings of various
types. In this regard, we conduct research on the biological characteristics of
ornamental woody plants in urban conditions. The range of tree and shrub
species used in the landscaping of the city of Nukus remains quite poor today [5]. The predominant tree
species are P. alba L., P. nigra L., P. diversifolia L., F. excelsior L., F. pensylvanica Marsh., Fraxinus potamaphylla Herd, S. excels S. Gmel, S. babylonica L., S. alba L., Juniperus communis L. In
the landscaping of Nukus, introduced plants are also used, which have adapted
to local conditions, although they are damaged by frosts. These include C. bignonioides Walt, Ulmus pumila L., F. pensylvanica Marsh.