TITLE:
Resistance in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to New Invasive Aphid, Hedgehog Grain Aphid (Sipha maydis, Passerini) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
AUTHORS:
D. W. Mornhinweg, G. J. Puterka, J. S. Armstrong
KEYWORDS:
Greenbug Resistance, Russian Wheat Aphid Resistance, Aphid Resistance, Antixenosis, Plant Damage Ratings, Hedgehog Grain Aphid
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Plant Sciences,
Vol.11 No.6,
June
29,
2020
ABSTRACT: Sipha maydis Passerini (Hemiptera:
Aphididae) is a pest of cereals in many regions of the world and was identified
as an invasive pest of the US in 2007. Regional surveys from 2015-2017 revealed
this pest was broadly distributed throughout many of the western Great Plains
states where it is a potential threat to cereal production. The common name
hedgehog grain aphid, HGA, has been associated with Sipha maydis in the US.
Cross-resistance where a plant is resistant to one aphid species and is also
resistant to another species that is known to occur. Six barleys were evaluated for cross-resistance to
HGA: Russian wheat aphid, RWA, resistant germplasms STARS 9301B and STARS 9577B
and cultivar “Mesa”; greenbug, GB, resistant germplasm STARS 1501B and cultivar
“Post 90”; and RWA and GB resistant experimental line 00BX 11-115. Cultivars
“Morex” and “Schuyler” were susceptible controls. Antixenosis was measured 5
days after infestation by HGA. Seedling damage ratings and reductions in
seedling growth were recorded after 17 days of infestation. Intrinsic rate of
increase, rm, of HGA was
determined by following the development of newborn aphids to adulthood and
reproduction. 00BX 11-115 and Post 90 had significantly greater antixenosis
(fewer aphids/seedling), significantly lower plant damage ratings, and
significantly lower intrinsic rates of increase than other entries. Differences
in seedling growth were not significant. 00BX 11-115 and Post 90 were the only
entries with the Rsg1
greenbug resistance gene. Rsg1
greenbug resistance confers cross-resistance to HGA in the seedling stage.