TITLE:
Hypotheses on Vacuum and Elementary Particles: The Friedmann-Planck Micro-Universe, Friedmann and Schwarzschild Photon Spheres
AUTHORS:
Raymond Fèvre
KEYWORDS:
Friedmann Universe, Planck, Schwarzschild Photon Spheres, Cosmology, Elementary Particle Masses, Dark Energy
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology,
Vol.6 No.3,
June
28,
2020
ABSTRACT: This article presents the hypothesis that the vacuum is endowed with a quantum structure; the vacuum particles would be Friedmann-Planck micro-universes. For this, the article introduces a quantization of a closed Friedmann universe, then a quantization of the photon spheres filling this universe. This approach gives a numerical value consistent with cosmological measurements for the current dark energy density of our Universe. Next, the article takes the content of a model published in Physics Essays in 2013 [1], assuming that elementary particles are Schwarzschild photon spheres; these could be derived from the Friedmann photon spheres composing the vacuum particles. It is further recalled that the model presents a unified structure of elementary particles and allows us to calculate the value of the elementary electric charge as well as the mass of the elementary particles.