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Beshir, M.R., Zidan, A.E., El-Saadny, H.F., Ramadan, R.A., Karam, N.A., Amin, E.K., Mohamed, M.Z. and Abdelsamad, N.M. (2016) Evaluation of the Immune Response to Interferon Gamma Release Assay and Tuberculin Skin Test among BCG Vaccinated Children in East of Egypt: A Cross-Sectional Study. Medicine (Baltimore), 95, e3470.
https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000003470

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Evaluation of BCG Vaccine Immunogenicity in Relation to Vitamin D Status in a Group of Egyptian Children

  AUTHORS: Azza Abdelrahman Abdelgawad, Houda Abd El Azim Saoud, Amal Gaber Mohamed, Manal Ahmed Fathi, Entesar Raafat Mokhtar

  KEYWORDS: Vit D, BCG, Normal Weight, Underweight

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Pediatrics, Vol.10 No.2, June 19, 2020

  ABSTRACT: Background: Vitamin D has an immuomodulatory role in vaccine response and this may be mediated via its action on antigen presenting cells with the most potent effects on dendritic cells. Aim of work: was to determine if there is an association between circulating 25(OH)D concentrations and BCG vaccine cytokine response (interferon gamma) level. Methods: A cross sectional study included 80 infants aged 4 - 9 months from the pediatric outpatient clinic of Al-Zahraa university hospital (40 with normal weight and 40 with underweight). Participants were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations, particularly 25 hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] and BCG vaccine-induced interferon gamma (IFN-γ). Results: The study showed that the underweight group had a lower socioeconomic level and higher percentage of breastfeeding compared with the normal weight group. Most infants in our study received vitamin D supplementation (80% and 62.5% in normal and underweight groups, respectively). The average serum level of 25(OH)D was relatively high (>100 ng/ml) in both normal and underweight groups. The mean levels of IFN-γ in response to BCG vaccine were not significantly different between the normal and underweight groups of infants in our study. Also, there was a statistically-significant moderate correlation between serum levels of 25(OH)D and BCG vaccine-induced IFN-γ in both normal (r = 0.58) and underweight (r = 0.64) groups. Conclusion: A good vitamin D status was observed in all studied infants irrespective of their nutritional status and significant correlation with BCG vaccine induced IFN-γ.