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Hailu, D., Rendtorff-Smith, S. and Tsukada, R. (2011) Small-Scale Water Providers in Kenya: Pioneers or Predators. United Nations Development Programme, Poverty Reduction and Environment and Energy, New York, 2-35.
https://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Poverty%20Reduction/Inclusive%20development
/Kenya%20paper(web).pdf

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Techno-Economic Assessment of Non-Revenue Water: A Case Study at AER, GWCL

  AUTHORS: C. K. K. Sekyere, F. Davis, Y. A. K. Fiagbe, R. N. G. Amoo

  KEYWORDS: Non-Revenue Water, Coefficient of Elasticity of NRW, Economies of Scale, Accra East Region, Ghana Water Company Limited

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Water Resource and Protection, Vol.12 No.6, June 8, 2020

  ABSTRACT: This study utilizes multiple regression analysis and the technique for computing economies of scale to evaluate the dynamics of NRW in the AER of GWCL. Data on monthly total production, billed consumption, total revenue, total production cost and the volume of NRW spanning the period January 2015 to June 2019, was obtained from the headquarters of AER and used for the analysis. The study showed that NRW averaged 40.3% for the period under consideration, which far exceeds the 25% threshold set by the World Bank for developing economies. It was also established that a fairly inelastic relationship exists between NRW and total revenue. Results further show that resources are not optimally used in the AER as proof of diseconomies of scale was observed.