TITLE:
Volatility Modelling of Global Financial Crises Effects on the Nigerian Banks
AUTHORS:
Maruf A. Raheem, Timothy K. Samson
KEYWORDS:
Global Financial Crisis, Leverage Effect, Nigerian Stock Exchange, Volatility Clustering, Persistence
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Statistics,
Vol.10 No.2,
April
22,
2020
ABSTRACT: The most appropriate heteroskedastic models for predicting volatility of daily stocks prices of 10 major Nigerian banks are proposed. The banks are Access, United Bank for Africa (UBA), Guaranty Trust, Skye, Diamond, Fidelity, Sterling,Union, ETI and Zenith banks; and these are examined from 2004 to 2014.The models employed are Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (ARCH(1)), Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (GARCH(1, 1)),Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic(EGARCH(1, 1))and Glosten, Jagananthan and Runkle-Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic(GJR-GARCH(1, 1)). The results show that all thebank returns are highly leptokurtic, significantly skewed and thus non-normal across the four periods except for Fidelity bank during financial crises; findings similar to those of other global markets. Also noticed is the strong evidence for the presence of heteroscedasticity, and that volatility persistence during crisisishigher than before the crisis across the 10 banks, with that of UBA taking the lead, about 11 times higher during the crisis. The same with persistencelevels in volatility, which were relatively higher during financial crises across the ten banks compared to before the crises.Findings further indicate that Asymmetric GARCH models outperformed the symmetric GARCH models, especially during the financial crises and post the crises. Thus with these findings, one could generally conclude that Nigerian banks’returns are volatility persistent during and after the crises, and are characterized by leverage effects of negative and positive shocks during these periods.