TITLE:
Kaposi’s Disease (KS) in a Senegalese Child Living with HIV
AUTHORS:
F. Ly, B. Niang, Y. Keita, C. Dial, A. Sow, A. Sakho Kane, B. S. Ndiaye, A. Sylla, B. Camara, A. Ly Ba, O. Ndiaye
KEYWORDS:
Kaposi’s Sarcoma, Antiretroviral Therapy, HIV, Child
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Pediatrics,
Vol.10 No.1,
January
20,
2020
ABSTRACT: Kaposi’s
Disease or Kaposi’s Sarcoma (SK ) is a multifocal malignant proliferation
induced by viral growth factors, including interleukin 6 of human herpes virus type 8 (HHV8). We describe four
forms of this disease who poses a real public health problem in East and
Central Africa. The purpose of our observation was to report a rare condition
in a Senegalese HIV-positive child. It was an 11-year-old girl from a region in central
Senegal. She was an orphan of both parents, tested and monitored since the age
of 5 for HIV infection 1. She
was on the 1st line protocol. Due to a lack of support and good observance, she
was referred to us at the age of 11 for follow-up in our structure in the
suburbs of Dakar. The initial follow-up assessment showed a very low CD4 count
and a very high viral load. Before the lack of clinical and immune-virological
response, a genotypic resistance test was performed and showed immunological
and virological failure. The initial development was marked by the appearance
of lesions which were highly suggestive of Kaposi’s disease. She was on 2nd line
treatment. The histopathological aspect of cutaneous biopsy was very suggestive of Kaposi’s disease. The subsequent course after ART and bleomycin treatment was clinically marked by regression of skin lesions. Virologically, it was marked by a fall in the viral
load. Immunologically there was a gradual recovery of CD4 levels which came
back to normal. Our
observation demonstrates that absence of
effective antiretroviral therapy for HIV increases the
risk to develop Kaposi’s sarcoma.