TITLE:
Nicomachus-Positive Parenting (NPP): Development and Initial Validation of a Parenting Questionnaire within the Positive Psychology Framework
AUTHORS:
Theodoros A. Kyriazos, Anastassios Stalikas
KEYWORDS:
Parenting, Positive Parenting, Positive Psychology, Wellbeing, Test Construction, Test Development, Test Validation, Psychometrics, Greece
JOURNAL NAME:
Psychology,
Vol.10 No.15,
December
27,
2019
ABSTRACT: After operationalizing the positive psychology parenting construct, following the model proposed by Seligman in Authentic Happiness, a new questionnaire called NICOMACHUS-Positive Parenting (NPP) was developed and validated. The validation process was completed in three studies. In Study 1 (N = 190) theoretically, relevant items were reduced, refined, and tested resulting in a measure with 20 items. In Studies 2 (N = 621) and 3 (N = 146) the psychometrics of NICOMACHUS were validated and cross-validated respectively. A clear, robust four-factor structure was defined and confirmed with EFA and CFA respectively. Full measurement invariance across the child’s gender was successfully established to the strict level. Internal consistency reliability (α), model-based reliability (ω) and convergent validity at the model level (AVE) were excellent and comparable across methods. Convergent/discriminant validity with 6 parenting measures revealed a highly significant, uniform relationship pattern. In Study 3 the above findings were successfully cross-validated by stable, similar findings. Convergent/discriminant validity with 5 measures of wellbeing and affect also revealed a highly significant, clear relationship pattern. The relationship of NICOMACHUS with demographics was also examined. NICOMACHUS adds to the existing parenting measures, allowing parents to evaluate if their parenting practices follow the principles of Positive Psychology.