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Owen, J., Yost, N., Berghella, V., Thom, E., Swain, M., Dildy, G.A., Miodovnik, M., Langer, O., Sibai, B. and McNellis, D. (2001) National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network: Midtrimester Endovaginal Sonography in Women at High Risk for Spontaneous Preterm Birth. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 286, 1340-1348.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Cervicovaginal Inflammatory Cytokines, Obesity and Inter-Pregnancy Interval Negatively Affect Pregnancy Duration in Pregnant Women at High-Risk for Recurrent Spontaneous Preterm Birth

  AUTHORS: Youssef Abdal Zaher, Adel F. Al-Kholy

  KEYWORDS: Preterm Birth, Inter-Pregnancy Interval, Cervicovaginal Fluid, Cytokines, Body Mass Index, Cervical Cerclage

  JOURNAL NAME: Advances in Reproductive Sciences, Vol.7 No.4, November 25, 2019

  ABSTRACT: Objectives: Evaluation of change of cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) cytokines’ levels during pregnancy and its relation to incidence of preterm birth (PTB). Patients & Methods: Pregnant women with history of PTB and cervical length α (TNF-α) and interleukins (IL)-6 and -10 levels. Study outcomes included differences in cytokines’ levels between samples and groups. Results: Sample-I cytokines’ levels were significantly higher in study than control women. Cytokines’ levels in Sample-II were significantly higher in control, while were significantly lower in study women compared to Sample-I. Sixteen study women had PTB and had significantly higher CVF levels of IL-10 and TNF-α estimated in both samples than women had no PTB. Pregnancy duration was negatively correlated with maternal body mass index (BMI) and cytokines’ levels, while was positively correlated with inter-pregnancy interval (IPI). Cytokines’ levels were positively correlated with BMI and negatively correlated with IPI. Short IPI and high TNF-α levels are negative predictors for pregnancy duration. Conclusion: High BMI, short IPI and high CVF inflammatory cytokines’ levels negatively affect pregnancy duration especially in women with history of recurrent PTB. Early prophylactic CC for women at high-risk of SPTB can modulate local immune disturbance, reduce incidence of SPTB and prolong pregnancy duration.