TITLE:
The Emergence and Evolution of the Universe
AUTHORS:
Lev Z. Vilenchik, Maria Vilenchik
KEYWORDS:
Entropy, Evolution, Fluctuations, Bifurcation, Gravity, Mass Defect, Entropy Interaction, Virtual Objects
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology,
Vol.5 No.3,
July
15,
2019
ABSTRACT: The cosmological picture of the World is complemented by the inclusion of virtual objects, phenomenon of the mass defect, entropic interaction, and bifurcations. During the period before the emergence of our Universe, space is considered as an infinite homogeneous multifold of virtual point objects with a certain energy and are capable of transitioning into a real state of certain masses, electrical charges, and sizes once at irreversible local fluctuations of density and energy. The existence of such virtual point objects is explained on the basis of the mass defect phenomenon known in nuclear physics and the fact that resultant sum of all forces acting on the object is equal to zero at the homogeneous space. It is shown that the entropic changes caused by irreversible fluctuations should have led to bifurcation and produce the “Big Bang” event with the emergence and subsequent evolution of our Universe. The probability of the set of bifurcations and consequent “Big Bang” events, the origin of the corresponding Universes, the time of their occurring, and initial localization is discussed. The possibility of the transition of virtual objects into a real state is proved using the Principle of Least Action and Le Chatelier’s Principle. It is shown that this is a first-order phase transition which is accompanied by radiation of energy, violation of symmetry, the appearance of mass, electrical charge, motion, and other attributes of real state objects. The “negative” and “standard” gravity, the “negative pressure”, the expansion of our Universe and its “inflationary” period are explained as realizations of the entropic interaction between objects. The “Corpuscular-Wave and the Corpuscular-Field dualisms”, being a manifestation of the Complementarity and the Equivalence Principles, are used for the explanation of the evolution of the Universe. The Anthropic Principle is discussed.