TITLE:
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Anxiety and Depression in Expectant Mothers at Parakou in 2018
AUTHORS:
Anselme Djidonou, Francis Tognon Tchegnonsi, Christel Crédo Mahugnon Ahouandjinou, Boris Houinou Ebo, Covali Melic Bokossa, Jivaterd Degla, Emilie Fiossi-Kpadonou
KEYWORDS:
Anxiety, Depression, Social Determinants, Expectant Mothers
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Psychiatry,
Vol.9 No.3,
July
5,
2019
ABSTRACT:
Background: Anxiety and
depressive disorders can disturb the development of pregnancies. The goal was
to study the prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression in
expectant mothers followed in public maternity
wards of Parakou in 2018. Population and methods: It was a cross- sectional study which consisted in an exhaustive census and a consecutive
recruitment of 835 expectant mothers from June 14th to September 14th, 2018.
Data collection was realized through interview between the investigator and the respondent basing on a questionnaire in which
were integrated Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale-3 (EPDS-3), EPDS and modular Integrated Household Living
Conditions Survey (IHLCS-2015) to assess respectively anxiety, depression and
expectant mothers’ socio-economic level. Results: The prevalences of
anxiety and depression were respectively 44.91% and 35.33%. Many factors were associated with anxiety and depression. Low socio-economic level increased 6.7 times the risk of developing anxiety (OR =
6.70; IC95% [2.83 - 13.00]; p = 0.000) and 8.64 times the risk for the onset of depression (OR = 8.64; IC95% [3.09 - 17.18]; p = 0.000). Celibacy
increased 2.67 times the risk of developing anxiety (OR = 2.67; IC95% [1.19 - 5.98]; p = 0.000) and 2.18
times the one of depression (OR = 2.18; IC95% [1.07 - 4.40]; p = 0.000). Low economic level and
celibacy were the main psychosocial determinants of anxiety and depression in
expectant mothers. Conclusion: The implementation of multidisciplinary
action program centred on improving purchasing power would reduce the risk of
anxiety and depression in expectant mothers.