TITLE:
Aquatic Ecosystem and Biodiversity: A Review
AUTHORS:
Sufia Irfan, Aishah Mohammed Motir Alatawi
KEYWORDS:
Aquatic Ecosystem, Biodiversity, Conservation, Restoration
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Ecology,
Vol.9 No.1,
January
31,
2019
ABSTRACT: Aquatic ecosystems support a
substantial source of the earth’s biological diversity. They are an essential reservoir and share an enormous proportion of earth’s biological productivity. Both aquatic resources and its biodiversity are
interrelated to each other and they perform a myriad of functions and are
valuable and essential for the sustainability of biotic communities. Aquatic
biodiversity in both freshwater and marine environments are under continuous
decline because of overexploitation of species, introduced exotic plant or
animal, pollution sources from cities, industries and agricultural zones, loss
and changes in ecological niche. Their conservation and management in the form
of bio reserve points and bioregional management and worldwide monitoring are
needed for the protection of the aquatic biodiversity. This review is
presenting information on biodiversity in aquatic habitats and their resources,
in marine and fresh water ecosystems, their importance conservation and
restoration mechanisms.