TITLE:
Prevalence of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency among Steady-State Sickle Cell Disease Children at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin
AUTHORS:
Surajudeen Oyekunle Ogunkanbi, Olanrewaju Timothy Adedoyin, Sikiru Abayomi Biliaminu, Samuel Kolade Ernest
KEYWORDS:
Prevalence, G6PD Deficiency, Steady-State, Sickle Cell Disease
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Pediatrics,
Vol.9 No.1,
January
23,
2019
ABSTRACT: Background: Both glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and sickle cell
disease (SCD) are prevalent in malaria-endemic regions. Controversy however
persists as to whether G6PD deficiency is commoner in SCD subjects compared
with the general population. Co-existence of the enzyme-deficient state with a
chronic haemolytic disorder, like SCD, could potentially predispose to fatal
haemolytic episodes. There is however a dearth of paediatric studies on this
subject. Aims and Objectives: To determine the prevalence and
demographic determinants of G6PD deficiency in children with SCD. Methods: Red cell G6PD activity was determined in 115 steady-state sickle cell disease
children aged 0.5 - 17 years, in steady state and equal number of age & gender-matched
non-SCD controls using the quantitative method. A measured G6PD activity of
U/gHb defined G6PD deficiency while values ≥6.97 U/gHb
were regarded as normal. Data were analysed
using SPSS version 20. Statistical analyses done include chi-square, student t-test and ANOVA. For all statistical
analyses, p values less than 0.05
were considered significant. Results: There were 64 (55.7%) males and 51
(44.3%) females in each of the arms of the study. The mean age of the study
population was 8.4 ± 4.7 years. Seven of the subjects were G6PD-deficient giving a prevalence
of 6.1% which was not significantly different from the 7.0% obtained in the
controls (p = 0.789). G6PD deficiency was more frequently encountered in the older age
groups although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.438).
Similarly, mean G6PD activity was highest in the under-5 age-group compared to
the older age-groups analysed (p = 0.573).
The condition was also commoner in the males than females although the
difference did not attain statistical significance (p = 0.897). Conclusions: The prevalence of G6PD deficiency among SCD children was
6.1%. The condition is marginally commoner in males and older children.