TITLE:
Air Quality Indices, Sources and Impact on Human Health of PM10 and PM2.5 in Alexandria Governorate, Egypt
AUTHORS:
Ashraf A. Zahran, M. Ismail Ibrahim, Alaa El-Din Ramadan, M. M. Ibrahim
KEYWORDS:
Air Pollution, PM, PM10, PM2.5, Air Quality Forecast, Air Quality Index, Human Health
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Environmental Protection,
Vol.9 No.12,
November
12,
2018
ABSTRACT: In this
study, PM10 and PM2.5 were measured in seven sites
representing different activities (the same sites of EEAA monitoring stations) in
addition to eighth site that used as a background. All results were higher than
AQLs of EEAA, US/EPA, and EC although PM10 and PM2.5 are
considered to be a direct cause of cardiovascular diseases as well as lead to
death and it may be a reason for a number of chest diseases in short-term as
well as long-term. Results were compared to the Air Quality Forecast system
which developed by EEAA and AQI which created by US/EPA was calculated
for some PM10 and PM2.5. Probable potential anthropogenic
sources for such high concentrations of PM included unpaved roads,
indiscriminate demolition and construction work, industrial activities, and
solid wastes. This study resulted in a number of suggestions and
recommendations include: 1) Implementation of integrated ISO 26000 and ISO
14001, 2) EIMP/EEAA monitoring stations need restructuring plan to cover all
areas in Alexandria, 3) EIMP/EEAA must be supported with PM2.5 monitors, 4) PM control systems must be used in all industrial activities to
reduce PM pollution from the source, 5) AQL of PM2.5 in the ambient
environment must be reduced and it must be included in the working environment
parameters, 6) Environmental law must be applied strictly, and 7)
Multidisciplinary co-operation especially between environment and public health
specialists must be increased.