TITLE:
Plant Growth Response of Eight Andean Dry Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes to Phosphorus Fertilizer in the Greenhouse
AUTHORS:
Eninka Mndolwa, Harold P. Collins, Phillip N. Miklas
KEYWORDS:
Phosphorus Use Efficiency, Phosphorus Susceptibility Index, Phaseolus vulgaris, Shoot and Root Dry Weight
JOURNAL NAME:
Agricultural Sciences,
Vol.9 No.10,
October
29,
2018
ABSTRACT: Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important legume in the tropics, with production limited by low availability of soil phosphorus (P). An experiment was conducted in the glasshouse to evaluate P use efficiency of eight dry bean genotypes (G122, Montcalm, Taylor Horticulture, Cardinal, Bukoba, Kijivu, Rojo and CAL 143) of Andean origin. The treatments included: no P (0 kg P ha-1), normal P (50 kg P ha-1), and high P (100 kg P ha-1). There was variation for the measured traits shoot biomass (g), shoot P (mg kg-1), root P (mg kg-1), seed P (mg kg-1) and seed yield (g) among genotypes and P treatments. Biomass and all P concentrations increased with increasing P level and the genotypes Kijivu, Bukoba, Montcalm and Taylor Horticulture had higher P concentrations than Rojo, G122, Cardinal and CAL 143 across treatments. Genotype × treatment interactions were observed for shoot biomass. For the no P treatment, shoot and root biomass were positively correlated with PUE (phosphorus use efficiency). PUE had higher values and varied more among genotypes in the no P treatment compared to the normal P and high P treatments. The results suggest that seed yield in dry bean can be improved by selecting for genotypes with higher PUE under limiting P. The genotypes Bukoba, Kijivu and Montcalm with the highest values for PUE under no P treatment may be exhibiting some level of tolerance to low soil phosphorus. Higher shoot weight may provide simple criteria for selecting genotypes with greater yield and PUE (phosphorus use efficiency) under limiting P conditions. Therefore, a genotype is desired that can efficiently uptake and utilize available P under limited availability of this nutrient.