TITLE:
Fuzzy Modelling for Predicting the Risk of Recurrence and Progression of Superficial Bladder Tumors
AUTHORS:
Laércio L. Vendite, Kenia D. Savergnini, Ubirajara Ferreira, Wagner E. Matheus
KEYWORDS:
Bladder Cancer, Fuzzy Modelling, Recurrence Risk, Progression Risk
JOURNAL NAME:
Applied Mathematics,
Vol.9 No.10,
October
15,
2018
ABSTRACT: Nowadays, bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in adults and
the second most frequent urogenital tumor. Predicting recurrence and progression
of superficial bladder tumors, with available clinical information to
decide the therapy to be used is a difficult task. In this work, two mathematical
models were developed to help specialists on the decision process. The
mathematical tool used to formulate the model was the fuzzy sets theory, due
to its capacity in dealing with uncertainties inherent in medical concepts. In
the first model, Stage, Grade and Size of the tumor were also considered input
variables and Risk of Recurrence of a superficial bladder tumor as output variable
of the first Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems (FRBS). In the second model, in
addition to the Stage, Grade and Size of the tumor, it was also considered as
input variable of a second FRBS Carcinoma in situ and, the Risk of Progression
of superficial tumors as an output variable. For each model, simulations
were made with data originated from of patients of the Clinics Hospital/
UNICAMP and A. C. Camargo Hospital of São Paulo, with the aim to verify
the reliability of results generated by the two systems. From a database
and the possibility found by FRBS, after the possibility-probability transformation,
we can generate the real probability of each fuzzy output set.