TITLE:
Quantum Nature of Distortion and Delay of Satellite Signals II
AUTHORS:
Gennady V. Golubkov, Michael I. Manzhelii, Lev V. Eppelbaum
KEYWORDS:
D and E Atmospheric Layers, l Mixing, Rydberg Complex, Satellite Radio Signal, Electromagnetic Field, Resonant Photon Scattering, Distortion and Delay of Satellite Signal
JOURNAL NAME:
Positioning,
Vol.9 No.3,
August
17,
2018
ABSTRACT: A detailed analysis of the
influence of Rydberg states to the behavior of GPS satellite signals in the D
and E atmospheric layers has been carried out. It is demonstrated that these
states are the main reason for the GPS signal distortion. It is shown that the
behavior of satellite signals is associated with the spectral characteristics
of the UHF radiation of the Rydberg states depending on the geomagnetic
conditions of ionosphere. The foundations of the quantum theory of distortion
and delay of GPS satellite signal propagation through
D and E atmospheric layers are analyzed and expounded. The problem reduces to
the resonant scattering of photons, moving in the electromagnetic field
of the signal, to the Rydberg complexes populated in a two-temperature
non-equilibrium plasma. The processes of creation of additional photons because
of stimulated emission and resonance scattering of photons are considered. In
the present work, the quantum theory of the propagation of a satellite signal
in the Earth’s upper atmosphere, firstly earlier proposed by the same authors,
is described in detail. The general problems of the theory and possible
theoretical and applied consequences are discussed. It is explained that two
main processes occurring here, are directly related to the resonant quantum
properties of the propagation medium. The first process leads to a direct
increase in the power of the received signal, and second—to a shift in the
signal carrier frequencyand the time
delayof its
propagation. The main reasons of the processes are scattering of the Rydberg
electron by the ion core and presence of the neutral medium molecule in the
intermediate autoionization states of the composite system populated by the
strong non-adiabatic coupling of electron and nuclear motions. The main
purposes of our investigation are the physical justification of the formation
of parameters andusing the
quantum dynamics of the electron behavior in the intermediate state of the
Rydberg complex A**M and the estimation of the quantities ofandin the
elementary act of elastic (Rayleigh) photon scattering.