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Casiglia, E., Rempelou, P., Tikhonoff, V., Guidotti, F., Pergher, V., Giordano, N., Testoni, I., & Facco, E. (2015). Hypnotic General Anesthesia vs. Focused Analgesia in Preventing Pain and Its Cardiovascular Effects. ATINER’s Conference Paper Series No. INM2015-1638.

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• TITLE: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Demonstrates That Hypnosis Is Conscious and Voluntary

  AUTHORS: Edoardo Casiglia, Francesco Finatti, Federica Gasparotti, Maria Rosaria Stabile, Micaela Mitolo, Federica Albertini, Antonio M. Lapenta, Enrico Facco, Valérie Tikhonoff, Annalena Venneri

  KEYWORDS: fMRI, Consciousness, Monoideism, Brodmann Areas, Hypnotic Focused Analgesia

  JOURNAL NAME: Psychology, Vol.9 No.7, July 5, 2018

  ABSTRACT: Hypnosis is a condition of modified consciousness (monoideism) resulting from a mental representation able to produce psychological and physical effects. The general belief is that hypnosis is conscious and voluntary, but the practical demonstration of this hypothesis is far to be demonstrated. Twenty healthy highly hypnotizable volunteers were studied during through functional magnetic resonance imaging during a task. The task was necessary because functional magnetic resonance imaging gives no interesting results in neutral hypnosis. During the hypnotic task, the prefrontal dorso-lateral cortex, genual cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, and orbital portion of the inferior frontal convolution (i.e. the Broadmann areas 9, 25, 32 and 47) were activated. Such areas are associated to egoic consciousness and voluntary processes. The results show that the hypothesis that hypnosis is conscious and voluntary is correct.