Article citationsMore>>

Campbell, D.T. (1974): Downward causation in hierarchically organised biological systems. In: Studies in the Philosophy of Biology, edited by Ayala, F.J. and Dobzhansky, T., Macmillan, London. 139-163.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Nonalgorithmicity and algorithmicity of protein science

  AUTHORS: Qinyi Zhao

  KEYWORDS: System; Logic; Reductionism; Folding

  JOURNAL NAME: Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, Vol.2 No.5, October 13, 2011

  ABSTRACT: The metaphysical features of the mechanism for the integration of the information underlying protein folding were studied by applying principles of system logic theory. We conclude that it is not possible to predict all protein three-dimensional structures from protein sequences by one program only. This conclusion is validated in structural genomics in that we also cannot predict protein function from three-dimensional structure by one program only. Our theory also demonstrates that bioinformation flow from gene to biological function is an integration process, rather than an expression (translation) process. A system relationship between a gene and its biological function is also proposed. This electronic document is a “live” template.