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Passas, N. (2001). Globalization and Transnational Organized Crime: Effects of Criminogenic Asymmetries. In P. Williams, & D. Vlassis (Eds.), Combating Transna-tional Organized Crime: Concepts, Activities and Responses (pp. 22-56). London: Frank Cass.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Focusing Anti-Corruption Efforts More Effectively: An Empirical Look at Offender Motivation—Positive, Classical, Structural and Ethical Approaches

  AUTHORS: Jay S. Albanese, Kristine Artello

  KEYWORDS: Corruption, Prevention, Ethics, Bribery, Causes of Corruption

  JOURNAL NAME: Advances in Applied Sociology, Vol.8 No.6, June 20, 2018

  ABSTRACT: The level of public corruption cases remains high. Interviews with 72 former investigators, prosecutors, community stakeholders and individuals with first-hand experience in corrupt activities, together with analysis of court documents, offer insight into the motivations behind the corrupt conduct in hundreds of known corruption cases. Corrupt motivations are classified into four categories: positive, classical, structural, and ethical. Empirical examples from interviews and court cases are used to show how the identified causes and correlates of corruption can be grouped and use to develop more effective anti-corruption prevention strategies. Recommendations are offered to reduce the extent of corruption by applying the principles of positive, classical, structural, and ethical explanations of corruption to reduce opportunities for corruption and improve the integrity levels of those in public service.