TITLE:
Initial Development of Cowpea Bean Fertilized with Natural Phosphate in the Brazilian Cerrado Soil
AUTHORS:
Edna Maria Bonfim-Silva, Denise César Soares, Paula Caroline Lima Silva, Ana Paula Alves Barreto Damasceno, Tonny José Araújo da Silva, Helon Hébano de Freitas Sousa
KEYWORDS:
Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp, Phosphate of Bayóvar, Oxisol
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Plant Sciences,
Vol.9 No.7,
June
8,
2018
ABSTRACT: Cowpea,
string Bean, or Macassar bean [Vigna unguiculata (L.)
Walp] presents a short life cycle, low water requirement, develops in soils of
low fertility, and has the ability to fix nitrogen from the air. In the
Cerrado, the oxisols occupy practically all the flat to soft-wavy areas with
little reserve of nutrients for the plants, in general, they are soils with
great limitations of fertility. A source of alternative phosphate fertilization
is the use of reactive natural phosphates. The reactive natural phosphate of
Bayóvar presents intermediate solubility between the sources of soluble
phosphates and the natural phosphates. In this context, the objective was to
evaluate the initial development of Cowpea beans fertilized with the natural
Bayóvar phosphate used for cultivation of the Brazilian Cerrado Oxisol. The
experimental design was completely randomized, with six doses of phosphorus (0,
100, 200, 300, 400, 500 mg·dm-3) using
natural Bayovar phosphate as a source in four replications. The
species used in this study was the legume cowpea bean [Vigna unguiculata (L.)
Walp] cultivar Tumucumaque. The treatments were
applied using the natural phosphate Bayóvar as a source of phosphorus (29% of P2O5).
At 33 DAS (days after sowing), the variable number of leaves of the Cowpea bean
was analyzed and at 40 DAS, the variables plant height, SPAD chlorophyll index
(Soil Plant Analysis Development) and stem diameter were analyzed. For all
variables analyzed there was a significant effect. The initial development of
the cowpea bean cultivated in the Brazilian Cerrado Oxisol
was significantly influenced by the Bayóvar natural phosphate fertilization
with the best phosphorus (P2O5) doses in the range of 200
to 350 mg·