TITLE:
Human Papillomavirus—The Cause of Human Cervical Cancer
AUTHORS:
Ilija Barukčić
KEYWORDS:
Human Papillomavirus, Cervical Cancer, Cause Effect Relationship, Causality
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Biosciences and Medicines,
Vol.6 No.4,
April
30,
2018
ABSTRACT: Objective: Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in females worldwide.
Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is regarded as the main risk factor
of cervical cancer. One objective of this study was to conduct a qualitative
systematic review of some case-control studies and to examine the role of human
papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of human cervical cancer (CC) beyond
any reasonable doubt. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and
re-analysis of some impressive key studies aimed to answer the following
question. Is there a cause-effect
relationship between human papillomavirus and cervical cancer? The method of
the conditio sine qua non relationship was used to proof the hypothesis whether
the presence of human papillomavirus guarantees the presence of cervical
carcinoma. In other words, if human cervical cancer is present, then human
papillomavirus is present too. The mathematical formula of the causal
relationship k was used to proof the
hypothesis, whether there is a cause-effect
relationship between human papillomavirus and cervical carcinoma. Significance
was indicated by a p-value of less than
0.05. Result: The studies analyzed (sample size N = 7657)
were able to provide strict evidence that human papillomavirus is a necessary
condition (a conditio sine qua non) of cervical carcinoma. Furthermore, the studies analyzed provide impressive evidence of a
cause-effect relationship (k =
+0.723669245, p value Conclusion: Human papillomavirus is the cause of human
cervical carcinoma.