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Whaley, J.T., Indelicato, D.J., Morris, C.G., Hinerman, R.W., Amdur, R.J., Mendenhall, W.M., Keole, S.R. and Marcus, R.B. Jr. (2010) Ewing tumors of the head and neck. American Journal of Clinical Oncology, 33, 321- 326. doi:10.1097/COC.0b013e3181aaca71

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma arising from the pterygomandibular space

  AUTHORS: Wei Li, Jian Tao Huang, Xiao Qing Chen, Rong Hua Shi, Lei Jiang, Yun Fu Zhao

  KEYWORDS: Extraosseous Ewing’s Sarcoma; Pterygomandibular Space; Diagnosis; Radiotherapy

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Stomatology, Vol.1 No.3, September 30, 2011

  ABSTRACT: Extraosseous Ewing’s sarcoma (EES) arising in head and neck is extremely rare. We report on a rare case of EES originating from the pterygomandibular space. A 15-year-old boy was seen with a rapidly growing mass in the right upper neck, difficulty in opening mouth, dysphagia, numbness in the right lower lip and buccal skin. Clinical and radiological examinations indicated that a soft tissue mass origi-nated from the pterygomandibular space with the submandibular space and mouth floor extension. Histological and immunohistochemical evaluations of the biopsy specimen revealed poorly differentiated small blue round cells with positive stains for CD99 and neuron-specific enolase. According to the clinical manifestation, CT and MRI findings, histological pattern and the results of the immunohistochemical studies, the final diagnosis was EES. Our patient was treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The lesion recurred locally after 10 months and he died of multiple distant metastases 22 months later. Early and confident diagnosis coupled with combined surgical excision and modern chemotherapy/radiotherapy appears to be the most effective treatment plan.