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Salemi, S. and Shaban, M. (2008) Breathing and Gas Exchange. In: Smeltzer, S., Bare, B., Hinkle, J. and Cheever, K., Eds., Brunner & Suddarth’s Textbook of Medical Surgical Nursing, 11th Edition, Salemi Jamenegar, Tehran, 219.

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Association between Tobacco Smoke Exposure (Environmental and Direct) and Incidence and Control of Bronchial Asthma

  AUTHORS: S. Dashti, L. Zare, M. Shahmari, F. Dashti, A. Dashti

  KEYWORDS: Asthma, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Exposure

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Nursing, Vol.8 No.2, February 14, 2018

  ABSTRACT: Background: Asthma is a chronic multifactorial disease with high prevalence. Among asthma risk factors, the effect of tobacco smoke exposure on bronchial asthma is still debated. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the association between environmental and direct tobacco smoke (cigarette and hookah) exposure and incidence and control of bronchial asthma. Materials & Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 109 patients with asthma referring to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardabil city. Asthma Control Questionnaire was used for evaluating of asthma control. Patients’ asthma control was individually evaluated and compared with together with particular attention to history of tobacco smoke exposure. Chi square and Tav-Kendal were used to analyze the data in SPSS15 software. Results: The history of tobacco smoke exposure was found in 31.2% of the 109 patients. Patients with uncontrolled asthma with 60.6% constituted the largest volume of all samples. There was no significant correlation between tobacco smoke exposure and asthma occurrence (P > 0.05), also there was not found significant correlation between tobacco smoke exposure and asthma control (Error coefficient > 0.10). Conclusion: According to the results, history of tobacco (cigarette and hookah) smoke exposure (environmental and direct) has no effect on the asthma occurs and control status.