TITLE:
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Peripheral Artery Disease in a Group of Apparently Healthy Young Cameroonians: A Cross-Sectional Study
AUTHORS:
Félicité Kamdem, Yacouba Njankouo Mapoure, Ba Hamadou, Fanny Souksouna, Ahmadou Musa Jingi, Caroline Kenmegne, Fernando Kemta Lekpa, Jaff Fenkeu Kweban, Gisèlei Mandy, Jean Pierre Nda Mefo’o, Henry Luma, Marie Solange Doualla
KEYWORDS:
Peripheral Artery Disease, ABI, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Douala
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases,
Vol.8 No.2,
February
11,
2018
ABSTRACT: Background: Theburden of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is not well known among apparently healthy people in Africa. Aim: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of PAD in a group of blood donors seen at the Douala General Hospital—Cameroon. Methods: Between 1st November 2015 and 30th April 2016, we carried out a cross-sectional study. Participants were consenting adults of both sexes, aged ≥ 21 years who presented for blood donation, and were tested HIV negative. We collected socio-demographic data and their past history. We carried out a physical examination and measured their Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI). We defined PAD as an ABI Results: We recruited 103 participants, 55.4% males. The mean age was 33 ± 10 years. The mean ABI on left and right leg was 1.04 ± 0.1 and 1.02 ± 0.1respectively. ABI was higher in males than females both legs (p 0.05). PAD was seen in 11 (10.7%) participants. This was higher in females than males (3.6% versus 19.2%, p = 0.026). Among those with PAD, 8 (72.7%) were asymptomatic (Males: 100% versus Females: 66%, p = 0.9). After adjusting for age and gender, sedentary lifestyle (aOR: 7.14, [95% CI: 1.38 - 33.3], p = 0.019), and female gender (aOR: 6.2, [95% CI: 1.26 - 30.5], p = 0.025) were significantly associated with PAD. Conclusion: The prevalence of PAD was high in this group of HIV negative blood donors, most of whom were asymptomatic. This was associated with females, and a sedentary lifestyle.