TITLE:
Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission Factors in Exposed Children at University Hospital Center of Treichville (Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire)
AUTHORS:
Edouard N’Guessan, Jean Marc Lamine Dia, Mouhideen Oyelade, Ignace Yao, Privat Guié, Simplice Anongba
KEYWORDS:
HIV-Exposed Children, Mother-to-Child Transmission, DBS/PCR
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Vol.7 No.12,
November
28,
2017
ABSTRACT: Background: The elimination of HIV transmission from mother to child is currently
possible. Cote d’Ivoire,
which has a 4.6% HIV prevalence among women, is one of 22 pilot countries for
the elimination of mother-to-child transmission
of HIV. Since 2015, Cote d’Ivoire has adopted new strategies according to the
WHO B+ guidelines. Objective: To identify
factors associated with mother-to-child HIV
transmission in children born of seropositive mothers managed at Treichville
university hospital. Material and methods: A case-control study was conducted in the obstetrics
department at Treichville university hospital, between January 2013 and
December 2015. It involved children born to mothers infected with HIV, whose
first PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) result was available during this period.
A standardized questionnaire on data related to exposed children and their
mother was used. Factors associated with mother-to-child HIV transmission were
investigated using logistic regression. Results: A total of 214
HIV-exposed children were included in the study with a sex ratio of 0.9. The
majority of the children were born by vaginal route (52.8%) and received
post-exposure prophylaxis (88.3%) and replacement feed (51.9%). Their mothers
received antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy in 45.3% of the cases. The
first PCR was performed at the sixth week of life in 52.3% of cases. The
prevalence of HIV infection in exposed children was 7.5% (95% CI = 4.5% - 11.8%). In multivariate analysis, the absence of
antiretroviral prophylaxis in children [aOR = 4.3, 95% (1.2 to 15.6), p =
0.03], the mixed feed [aOR = 3.8, 95% (1.1 - 13.1), p , 95% CI (1.9 - 32.4), p Conclusion: The mother-to-child HIV
transmission rate remains high in our practice. Strategies to reduce situations
that do not comply with current recommendations should be considered to prevent
mother-to-child HIV transmission.