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Baddeley, A.D. (1990) The Development of the Concept of Working Memory: Implications and Contributions of Neuropsychology. In: Vallar, G. and Shallice, T., Eds., Neuropsychological Impairments of Short-Term Memory, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 54-73. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511665547.004

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• TITLE: Any Sense in Classroom Scents? Aroma of Rosemary Essential Oil Significantly Improves Cognition in Young School Children

  AUTHORS: Mark Moss, Victoria Earl, Lucy Moss, Tom Heffernan

  KEYWORDS: Rosemary, Aroma, Working Memory, Children

  JOURNAL NAME: Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science, Vol.7 No.4, October 30, 2017

  ABSTRACT: The inhalation of the aroma of Rosemary essential oil has been shown to enhance cognition in healthy adults. In this independent groups design study we exposed forty schoolchildren aged nine to eleven years to either Rosemary aroma or no aroma in a classroom setting where they completed standardised tests of working memory in fifteen minute procedure. Analysis of the data revealed that performance on the Immediate serial recall, Sentence span, and Counting span tasks were significantly better in the Rosemary aroma condition and possessed medium to large effect sizes. This is the first study to demonstrate such effects in children and suggests that the potential for enhancement is greater than in adults. The findings are discussed in terms of the potential for improving academic attainment through natural interventions and the possible mechanisms behind such effects.