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Gode, P., Ihonen, J., Strandroth, A., Ericson, H., Lindbergh, G., Paronen, M., Sundholm, F., Sundholm, G. and Walsby, N. (2003) Membrane Durability in a PEM Fuel Cell Studied using PVDF Based Radiation Grafted Membranes. Fuel Cells, 3, 21-27.
https://doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200320239

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Influence of pH to Increase Grafting Degree into Fluoropolymers

  AUTHORS: Giovanni González-Pérez, Ademar Benevolo Lugao

  KEYWORDS: ETFE and FEP, Grafting Copolymer, Enhanced at Low pH

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Polymer Chemistry, Vol.7 No.3, August 30, 2017

  ABSTRACT: Poly(ethylene-alt-tetra-fluoroethylene (ETFE) and poly(tetrafluoroethylene-cohexafluoropropylene) (FEP) were pre-irradiated under air using a Co60 gamma source to graft styrene at low pH. Grafting copolymers were tuned by study of different parameters (monomer, reaction time, temperature, and pH with addition of sulfuric acid (H2SO4)). The maximum degree of grafting was 80% and 40% for ETFE and FEP respectively at dose 2 kGy. Influence of low pH in grafting degree by adding sulfuric acid was studied. Grafting degree was examined by infrared (FTIR-ATR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and swelling behavior analysis after sulfonation process.